Boiler construction



March l2, 1935. J. F.1Mc1NTlRE BOILER CONSTRUCTION Filed May 1, 1933 5Sheets-Sheet 1 March 12, 1935. J. F. McxNTlRE BOILER CONSTRUCTION FiledMay 1*', 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 12, 1935 UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE y BoILER CONSTRUCTION James F. Mclntire, Detroit, Mich.,assignor to United States 'Radiator Corporation, Detroit, l Mich., acorporationjoflNew-York I Appiicatin May 1, isaaseriairNo. 668,878

14 claims (o1.- 1225213) This .invention relates generally to boilerconstructions-and consists offcertain novel features of construction,combinations and arrangements Ofi parts that willr be hereinaftermorefully de- ,5 scribedand..particularlyl pointed lout in the. ap-

pended claims..

. In the accompanying drawings: i Figurey 1 isa front elevation ofarboiler embodying'my invention'with partsvbroken away and in section; y

Figure 2 is asecticnal view onthe'linefZe-'Z of Figure 1 with the outerjacket or casing removed; I i

Figure 3 is a sectional view on` the line 3--3 ofFigure`2; Y

Figure 4 is a detail bottom plan view of the lower flue section; l f vFigure 5 is a detail bottom plan view of the intermediate iiue section;v Figure 6 is a sectional View on the line 6-6 of' Figure;

Figure 7 is a detail bottom plan vview of the upper flue section., f' iReferring now vto the drawings, A is the base; B is the iirepot; C, Dandv E,-respectively, are the iiueI sections; F is the insulation; andAG is the jacket or outer casing of a boiler embodying my invention. As`shown, the base'` A, iire pot B, insulation'F and jacket G' areconventional in construction and design and arefassembled in theusualmanner. The sections C, D and E', respectively, however, arestructurally quitey different from 'any of which I`have knowledge and'constitute'the subject matter of 'my invention.

Preferably the lower section C'is a hollow casting having an'archedfbottom 1 anda substantially flat top 2. As-shown, 'the arch 1extends fore and aft of the section and is openr at the front andiclosed at the rear; yThe section C is alsol prof videdv in alineextending at substantiallyY right angles to 'the-fore and aft line ofthe archwith an elongatedvverticalopeningl 3 and the usualcircular-bosses-l and 5, respectively.y Two sets 6 and 7, respectively,ofv parallel fins extend downwardly from the ceiling of said archedportion in front and in rear'o'f the' elongated opening 3 and extendlforeV and aftfof the section. Preferably the fins of the front set 6extend from points adjacent theiorwardopen end of` the arched portion 1to the front edge of the opening 3 while the ns of the rear set'? are inalignment with the fins of the front set and extend froml thel rear edgeof the opening 3-to theclosed rearend of( the arched portion.

` "I'heV intermediate sectionv D is also a hollow `D also is provided atdiametrically opposite points lthereof infa line extendingAsubstantiallyat right casting havingk an archedbottom 8 and asubstantially flat top9. As shown, the archl 8 extends fore and aft ofthe. section and is open at the front and closed at the rear. 'Thesection' anglesy to the fore and aftfline of' the' arch with the usualcircular bosses 10. and 11. In the-'present instance, however, thesection D is provided with vtwo sets 12 and 13, respectively, ofvertical openings and only one set 14 of depending iins. As shown, theopenings of thesetk12 are spaced laterally kapart in the arc of a circleatthe forward end of the-arch 8v While the openings of the set 13arespaced laterally apart in the arc of a. circle at the rear end of thearch. Pref-erably the left hand openingof the front set 12 is inalignment with vthe left` hand opening of the. rear set 13 and the righthand opening of the front set 12 is in alignment with the rightfhandopeningzof the rear set 13. .The fins of the single set 14are parallel.and extend fore and aft of the section between the sets 12 and 13 ofopenings. #The upper cr'dome section Eis also a'hollo-W casting and isprovided with an archedfbottom` 1'5. Asfshown, this arch extends foreand aft of the section and is open 'at the front andv closed at therear. The section E is also provided at diametrically opposite pointsthereof in a line extending substantially at right angles to the foreand aft lineof the arch with the usual circular bosses 1'6 and 17 and isprovided at thecenter thereof with a vertical opening 18 of circularconfiguration.` Preferably an open ended fluidway 19 of substantiallyrectangular conguration extends diametrically across this opening 18 atthe lower end thereof. v l

In thepresent instance, the usual upstanding smoke hood or flue'pipeisdispensed with entirely and the gases or products of combustioniiowing` upwardly inthe opening 13 upon opposite sides of the fluidway19 are directed horizontally within the dome section E itself toa-laterally pro-A jectingsmoke pipe such as 20. As shown, the domesection E is provided at one side* of the opening 18, preferably aboveand'in vertical align.- ment withfthe iiuidway 19,'wth achannel-shaped'x portion 18 that constitutes a lateral extension of theopening 18 tothe ue 20. The bottom 182 of this channel portion is iiushwith the top of the uidway 19 while the upper edges of the channelportionare ushv'vith they upper end of thelv opening 18. Thus, thechannelr portion 18" is above the water levelr in the boiler andV ampleliberating surface Yfor steam is provided. Prefer- T ably a casting I-Iis secured upon the dome E and has a flat portion 19 and a tubularportion 20'. The at portion 19 serves as a cover for the channel portion18 and has a suitable clean-out opening 192 provided with a hinged lid193, while the tubular portion 20 is in line and cooperates with thetrough-shaped portion 18 to conduct the gases to the pipe 20. A reducedpart 202 of the tubular portion 20 constitutes an attaching portion forthe pipe 20. Any suitable means such as the bolts 183 may be used as thesecuring means for the casting I-I and any suitable means such as putty203 held by the portions of the casting may be used to effect a properseal between the parts.

'Iwo sets 21 and 22, respectively, of parallel fins extend downwardlyfrom the ceiling of the arched portion in front and in rear of theopening 18 and extend fore and aft of the section. Preferably the finsof the front set 21 extend from points adjacent the forward end of thearched portion y15 tothe forward edge of theopening 18, while the finsof the rear set 22 are in alignment with the fins of the front set andextend from the rear edge of the opening 18 to the closed rear end ofthe arched portion 15. In this instance, the vertically extendingparallel fins 23, '24, 25 and 26, respectively, are provided uponopposite sides of the fluidway 19 and upon opposite walls of the opening18. Preferably the fins 23 and 24 are staggered with respect to the fins25 and 26 and are equal in height to the height of the fluidway 19.

Upon installation the sections C, D and E are arranged in superposedrelation upon the fire pot B and are bolted together as illustrated inFigure 1. Preferably a door J is hingedly mounted upon the fire pot B toclose the open forward ends of the arched portion 1 while a door K ishingedly mounted upon the sections C and D to close the open forwardends of the arched portions 8 and l5. Any suitable means such as thepush nipples 27 accurately machined and gauged may be used in the bosses4, 5,10, 11, 16 and 17 to establish the proper fluid connections betweenthe` sections and the fire po-t B.

In use, water will circulate in the hollow por tions 30, 31, 32 and 33,respectively, of the fire pot B and sections C, D and E and through thenipples 27 and iiuidway 19 andwill be heated by the products ofcombustiton or gases passing upwardly from the re pot B to the flue 20.Inthis connection it will be noted that the gases flowing upwardly fromthe fire pot B will be initially divided by the two sets 6 and '7 ofoverhanging fins into a number of small streams which will ilowlongitudinally of said fins into the opening 3 where they will bethoroughly commingled. Such gases will then flow upwardly against and bedivided by the overlianging set 14 of fins into streams which will owlongitudinally thereof to the two sets 12 and 13 of openings where theywill be commingled, Upon being discharged from these openings the gaseswill again be divided by the two sets 21 and 22 of overhanging ns intostreams which will oe-received and commingled in the -opening 18. Theiiuidway 19 will cause a further division of the gases before they enterthe iiue 20. Thus the gases are successively divided and commingled intheir passage up-y wardly from the fire pot B to the flue andthe heatedparticles thereof are thoroughly broken up and absorbed. Inasmuch as theopening 3 is elongated and is centrally located in the section `C thecommingled gases will be substantially uniformly distributed beneath theset 14 of fins depending from the intermediate section D. The sets 6, 7,14, 21 and 22, respectively, of horizontal fins and the vertical fins23, 24, and 26, respectively, not only play a major part in the breakingup of the gases but also add materially to the heat absorbing means ofthe boiler. They are deep enough to compel the greater part of the gasesto pass between them. Moreover, they are so arranged that thestratification of gases is effectively broken up. The hottest gases moveby natural convection in the spaces between the fins. In fact, theconstruction is such that added heating means is provided in' a limitedspace. The ns serve as guides instead of baflles. In this connection itvwill be noted that such fins extend in the direction of travel of thegases and two passages instead of one are provided for the gases, hencethe liow upwardly is continuous and draft loss is not materiallyincreased. It will also be noted that the sets 6, 7, 14, 21 and 22,respectively, of horizontal fins are in line with the open forward endsof the arched portions 1, 8 and 15 and are therefore accessible when thedoors J and K are opened,A hence they may be readily cleaned wheneverdesired. However, in practice, the necessity for manually cleaning suchns is minimized since the gases in effect automatically cleanse saidfins as they flow longitudinally `thereof in their passage upwardly tothe flue 20. The casting H serves as a cover for the channel-shapedportion 18 While the tubular portion 20 serves as an extension of saidportion 18 to the pipe 20. Thus the casting H cooperates with the dome Eto form a passageway within the boiler for the products of combustionor' gases; the over-all height of the boiler is less; the length `ofythe gas passageway in the boiler is increased and an additional turn inthe gas passageway operable to break up the gases is provided. As aresult the gases passover a greater area of the boiler` and the heatabsorption is accordingly increased. In all, a more efficient andreliable boiler construction is provided.

What I claim as my invention is: y

l. A boiler having a. base, a fire box on the base, three ue sectionsarranged one on topy of the other upon the fire box, thelowermostsection having an opening at the center thereof for thereception of gases from lthe fire box and provided upon opposite sidesof said opening with depending fins 'for dividing and directing to saidopening the gases flowing upwardly from said nre box, the intermediatesection having openings at substantially diametrically opposite pointsthereof for the reception of gases from the central opening in thelowermost section and provided over said central opening with dependingfins for dividing and directing to the openings in said intermediatesection the gases received from the opening in the lowermost section,and the uppermost section having an opening at the cen-- ter thereof forthe reception of rgases from the openings in the intermediate sectionand provided over the openings in the intermediate section withdepending fins that divide and direct to the central opening in theuppermost section the gases discharged from the openings in theintermediate section.

2. In a boiler, a flue section having an arched portion extending foreand aft thereof and closed at the rear and open at the front, anelongated opening extending in a line disposed at substantially rightangles to the fore and aft line of the arched portion, and two sets ofsubstantially parallel fins depending from the ceiling of the archediportion front andv` in rear of's'aidf opening and extending for-aand aftof the section in* line with and accessible from the open. end aforesaidofl said archedportion.

3g In=a-bo1er, a fluel section4l having any arched portion extendingfore and'aft thereof and'closed at the rear and open at the front,twoopposed sets of elongated openings respectively at the front and rearof the arched portion, the openings of each set being in substantiallyend-to-end relation and longitudinally curved in the arc of a circle,and a set of ns depending from the ceiling of said section intermediatethe two sets of openings and extending fore and aft of the section inline with the openings andthe open forward end of said arched portion.

4. In a boiler, a flue section having an arched portion extending foreand ait thereof and closed at the rear and open at the front, a circularopening at the center of said arched portion, an open ended fluidway ofsubstantially rectangular configuration extending substantiallydiametrically across said opening, and two sets of iins depending fromthe ceiling of said arched portion in front and in rear of the openingand extending fore and aft of the section in line with and accessiblefrom the open forward end of said arched portion, and verticallyextending fins upon opposite sides of said fluidway and upon oppositewalls of said opening.

5. In a boiler, a flue sectionv having an arched portion extending foreand aft thereof and closed at the rear andopen at the front, an openingat the center of said arched portion, and two sets of substantiallyparallel fins depending from the ceiling of the arched portion in frontand in rear of said opening andextending fore and aft of the section inline with and accessible from the open end aforesaid of the archedportion.

6. In a boiler, a flue section having an arched portion extending foreand aft thereof and closed at the rear and open at the front, elongatedopenings respectively at the front and rear of the arched portion, theopenings being longitudinallycurved in the arc of a circle, and a set ofiins depending from the ceiling of said section intermediate theopenings and extending in substantially parallel relation fore and aftof the section in line with the openings and the open forward end ofsaid arched portion.

7. In a boiler, a dome section having avertical opening for thereception of products of combustion, a fluidway extending across saidopening at the lower end thereof and having opposite ends thereofopening into the dome section upon opposite sides of the opening, and apassageway for products of combustion projecting laterally from a Wallof said opening above said fluidway.

8. In a boiler, a dome section having a vertical opening therein for thereception of products of combustion, a iiuidway extending across saidopening at its lower end and opening into said dome section uponopposite sides of said opening, and a substantially horizontalpassageway projectingv laterally from a wall of said opening landadapted to receive products of combustion afiiuidway extending across;said vertical opening and opening into said dome section. upon oppositesides of said vertical opening, and means for directing` products ofcombustion in said arched portionv to said vertical opening. includingsubstantially parallel fins depending from the ceiling of said archedportion in front and in rear of the vertical opening and extending foreand aft of the section in line with and accessible from the open forwardend of said arched portion.

10. Ina boiler, a hollow dome section having an arched portion for thereception of products of combustion, a vertical opening extendingupwardly from the ceiling of the arched portion for the reception ofproductsjof combustion, a fluidway extending across said verticalopening yadjacent the ceiling of the arched portion and 'opening intosaid dome section upon opposite sides of said vertical opening, andmeans withinv said arched'portion for directing products of combustionto said vertical opening.

11. In a boiler, -a hollow dome section having an arched portion for thereception of products of combustion, a vertical opening extendingupwardly from the ceiling of said arched portion for the reception ofproducts of combustion, a uidway extending across said vertical ropeningadjacent said ceiling and opening into said dome section upon oppositesides of said vertical opening, means foi-.directing products ofcombustion in said arched portion to said vertical opening includingsubstantially parallel iins depending from the ceiling of said archedportion in front and in rear of the vertical opening, and means fordividing into a plurality of streams the products of combustion receivedin said vertical opening including vertically extending iins uponopposite sides of said fluidway and upon opposite walls of said verticalopening.

12. In a. boiler, a hollow` dome section having an arched portion forthe reception of products of combustion, a vertical opening extendingupwardly from the ceiling 'of said arched portion for the reception ofproducts of combustion, a iiuidway extending across said Verticalopening adjacent said ceiling and opening into said dome section uponopposite sides of said vertical opening, means for directing products ofcombustion in said arched portion to said vertical opening includingksubstantially parallel fins depending from the ceiling of said archedportion in fro-nt and in rear of the vertical opening, and means withinthe vertical opening upon opposite sides of the fluidway for dividinginto a plurality of streams the products of combustion received in saidvertical opening.

13. In a boiler, a dome section having an arched portion for thereception of the products of combustion extending fore and aft thereofand closed at the rear and open at the front, a vertical opening at thecenter of said arched portion adapted to receive products of combustionfrom said arched portion, a iluidway extending across said opening andopening into the dome portion upon opposite sides of said verticalopening, means for directing products of combustion in said archedportion to said vertical opening including fins depending from theceiling of said arched portion in front and in rear of the opening andextending fore and aft of the section in line with and accessible fromthe open forward end of said arched portion, and means upon oppositesides of the fluidway for dividing and directing the productsof fromsaid arched portion, a uidway extending across said opening adjacentsaid ceiling and opening into the dome portion upon opposite sides ofthe vertical opening, means for directing products of combustion in saidarched portion to said vertical opening, and means upon opposite sidesof the fluidway for dividing and directing gases received in thevertical opening from the arched portion.

JAMES F. MCINTIRE.

